Byzantine Roman Emperors

Isaac II Angelos
Alexios I Komnenos
Michael II
Theophilus
Michael III
Leo VI
Constantine VII
Romanos II
Romanos IV Diogenes

Imperial Kingdom of Italy 

Hugh d’Arles, King of Italy
Berengar I, King of Italy
Berengar II, King of Italy
Adalbert, King of Italy

Spain & Sicily

Ramón Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona and Gévaudan
Ramón Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona
Alfonso II, King of Aragón
Urraca, Queen of Castile y León, Empress of All Spain
Alfonso VII, King of Castile y León, Emperor of All Spain
Sancho III, King of Castile
Alfonso VIII, King of Castile
James I, King of Aragón
Roger II, King of Sicily
Peter II, King of Aragón
Peter III, King of Aragón, King of Sicily
Federico III, King of Sicily

Old Russian State (Rurikid Dynasty, Grand Princes of Kiev)

Vladimir the Great
Yaroslav the Wise
Mstislav I
Vladimir II
Vsevolod I
Sviatopolk II
Vsevolod II
Sviatoslav II
Oleg I, Prince of Chernigov
Sviatoslav III
Vsevolod IV

Kings of Russia (Romanovich Dynasty (Rurikid))

Roman the Great, Tsar and Autocrat of All Rus', Grand Prince of Kiev, Prince of Novgorod and Halych
Danylo Romanovich, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kiev
Lev I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kiev
Yuri I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kiev

Princes of Minsk and Polotsk (Izyaslavichi of Polotsk Dynasty (Rurikid))

Iziaslav of Polotsk (son of St. Vladimir the Great)
Bryachislav Iziaslavich, Prince of Polotsk
Vseslav, Prince of Polotsk and Grand Prince of Kiev
Gleb Vseslavich, Prince of Minsk
Volodar Glebovich, Prince of Minsk

Dukes of Burgundy

Robert I
Odo I
Hugh II
Odo II
Hugh III
Odo III
Hugh IV
Robert II
John I
Philip II    

Kings of Hungary

Béla I
Géza I
Béla II
Géza II
Béla III
Andrew II
Béla IV
Stephen V    

Kings of France

Robert II
Henri I
Philip I
Louis VI
Louis VII
Louis VII
Louis IX
Philip III
Philip IV
Philip V
Philip VI
Jean II
Charles V
Charles VI    

Holy Roman Emperors

Charlemagne
Conrad II
Henry III
Henry IV
Henry VII
Friedrich I    

Davidic Dynasty

David
Solomon
Judah

Cuman Khans

Kotyan Khan
Konchek Khan

Konchek Khan of the Cumans

Select Ancestral Families

Romanovich
Rurikovich
Polotski
Ivrea
Powała
Wojsławic
Vukanović
Warren
Padilla
Adorno
Panizzone     
Winslow
Lothropp
Baskerville
Stuart
d'Anvers
Westphalia v. Fürstenberg
Vandergrift
Mishkovich
Laskaris
Visconti    
Plaja
Guilló
Agustí
Morató
Anglada
Visconti
Altavilla
Orsini
del Balzo
Buczkowski
Wiśniowiecki
Sapieha
Tyszkiewicz

DYNASTIC SUCCESSION

RUSSIA

Roman the Great, Tsar and Autocrat of All Rus’ (via Constantinople)
Danilo I Romanovich, King of Ruthenia (Russia) (via Rome), Grand Prince of Kiev
Lev I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kiev
Yuri I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kiev
Andrew I, King of Ruthenia and Lev II, King of Ruthenia (joint rule)
Yuri II, King of Ruthenia
Clement VI of Rome (title reverted to source; in succession from St. Peter the Apostle; continued in Roman succession below.) 

IMPERIAL ITALY

Hugh d'Arles, King of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire
Bosone d'Arles, Margrave of Tuscany * Brother of Hugh, King of Italy.
Umberto d'Arles, Margrave of Tuscany * Son of Hugh, King of Italy
Hugh d'Arles, Margrave of Tuscany
Boniface III di Canossa, Margrave of Tuscany * Grandson of Hugh, King of Italy
Federico di Canossa, Margrave of Tuscany
Matilda di Canossa, Margravine of Tuscany, Vice-Queen of Italy in the Holy Roman Empire * Daughter of Boniface III of Tuscany and Beatrice of Lorraine and Bar. Titles and lands were gifted to the church upon her death without issue, thus initiating the ecclesiastical temporal claims associated with Tuscany. Though the Popes had claim of sovereignty over Italy as Imperial Vice-King, they exercised this as Pope and Ecclesiastical Overlord of Italy.
Paschal II (continued in Roman succession below.) 

EASTERN ROMAN (BYZANTINE)

Romulus Augustus (see Roman succession below)
Valentinian III (425 – 455)
Marcianus (450 – 457)
Leo I (457 – 474)
Leo II "the Younger" (18 January – November 474)
Zeno (29 January 474 – 9 January 475)
Basiliscus (9 January 475 – August 476) (with Marcus (475–476))
Zeno (second reign) (August 476 – 9 April 491)
Anastasius I "Dicorus" (11 April 491 – 9 July 518)
Justinus I (9/10 July 518 – 1 August 527)
Justinian I "the Great" (1 April 527 – 14 November 565)
Justin II (14 November 565 – 5 October 578)
Tiberius II Constantinus (26 September 578 – 14 August 582)
Mauricius Tiberius (13 August 582 – 27 November 602)  (with Theodosius (590–602))
Phocas (23 November 602 – 5 October 610)
Heraclius (Ἡράκλειος) (5 October 610 – 11 February 641)
Heraclius Constantinus (Ἡράκλειος Κωνσταντῖνος) (11 February – 25 May 641)
Heraclius (Ἡράκλειος) (25 May – 5 November 641) (with Tiberius-David, son of Heraclius (641))
Constans II "the Bearded" (Κωνσταντῖνος) (September 641 – 15 July 668)
Constantine IV (Κωνσταντῖνος) (September 668 – 10 July 685) (with Heraclius and Tiberius, sons of Constans II (659–681))
Justinian II "Rhinotmetus" (Ἰουστινιανός) (July 685 – 695)
Leontius (Λέωντιος) (695 – 698)
Tiberius III (Τιβέριος) (698 – 21 August 705)
Justinian II "Rhinotmetus" (Ἰουστινιανός) (second reign) (21 August 705 – 4 November 711) (with Tiberius, son of Justinian II (706–711))
Philippicus (Φιλιππικός) (4 November 711 – 3 June 713)
Anastasius II (Ἀρτέμιος Ἀναστάσιος) (4 June 713 – autumn 715)
Theodosius III (Θεοδόσιος) (Autumn 715 – 25 March 717)
Leo III "the Isaurian" (Λέων) (25 March 717 – 18 June 741)
Constantine V "Copronymus" (Κωνσταντῖνος) (18 June 741 – 14 September 775)
Artabasdos (Ἀρτάβασδος) (June 741 – 2 November 743) (with Nikephoros, son of Artabasdos (741–743))
Leo IV "the Khazar" (Λέων) (14 September 775 – 8 September 780)
Constantine VI (Κωνσταντῖνος) (8 September 780 – 19 August 797)
Irene (Εἰρήνη) (19 August 797 – 31 October 802)
Nikephoros I "the Logothete" (Νικηφόρος) (31 October 802 – 26 July 811)
Staurakios (Σταυράκιος) (28 July – 2 October 811)
Michael I Rangabe (Μιχαὴλ) (2 October 811 – 11 July 813) (with Theophylact and Staurakios, sons of Michael I (811–813))

ROME

Gaius Julius Caesar
Augustus (Imperator Caesar Augustus)
Tiberius (Tiberius Caesar Augustus)
Caligula (Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus)
Claudius (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus)
Nero (Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus)
Galba (Servius Galba Caesar Augustus)
Otho (Marcus Otho Caesar Augustus)
Vitellius (Aulus Vitellius Germanicus Augustus)
Vespasianus (Caesar Vespasianus Augustus)
Titus (Titus Caesar Vespasianus Augustus)
Domitianus (Caesar Domitianus Augustus)
Nerva (Nerva Caesar Augustus)
Trajanus (Caesar Nerva Traianus Augustus)
Hadrianus (Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus)
Antoninus Pius (Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius)
Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)
Lucius Verus (Lucius Aurelius Verus)
Commodus (Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus)
Pertinax (Publius Helvius Pertinax)
Didius Julianus (Marcus Didius Severus Julianus)
Septimius Severus (Lucius Septimius Severus Pertinax)
Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)
Geta (Publius Septimius Geta)
Macrinus (Marcus Opellius Severus Macrinus)
Diadumenianus (Marcus Opellius Antoninus Diadumenianus)
Elagabalus (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)
Severus Alexander (Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander)
Maximinus Thrax (Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus)
Gordianus I (Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus)
Gordianus II (Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus)
Pupienus (Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus)
Balbinus (Decimus Caelius Calvinus Balbinus)
Gordianus III (Marcus Antonius Gordianus)
Philippus (Marcus Julius Philippus)
Philippus II (Marcus Julius Severus Philippus)
Decius (Gaius Messius Quintus Traianus Decius)
Herennius Etruscus (Quintus Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius)
Hostilianus (Gaius Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus)
Trebonianus Gallus (Gaius Vibius Trebonianus Gallus)
Volusianus (Gaius Vibius Afinius Gallus Veldumnianus Volusianus)
Aemilianus (Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus)
Valerianus (Publius Licinius Valerianus)
Gallienus (Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus)
Saloninus (Publius Licinius Cornelius Saloninus Valerianus)
Claudius Gothicus (Marcus Aurelius Claudius)
Quintillus (Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus)
Aurelianus (Lucius Domitius Aurelianus)
Tacitus (Marcus Claudius Tacitus)
Florianus (Marcus Annius Florianus)
Probus (Marcus Aurelius Probus)
Carus (Marcus Aurelius Carus)
Carinus (Marcus Aurelius Carinus)
Numerianus (Marcus Aurelius Numerianus)
Diocletianus (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus)
Maximianus (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus)
Galerius (Galerius Valerius Maximianus)
Constantius I (Flavius Valerius Constantius)
Constantinus I (Flavius Valerius Constantinus)
Severus (Flavius Valerius Severus)
Maxentius (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius)
Licinius (Valerius Licinianus Licinius)
Maximinus Daza (Galerius Valerius Maximinus)
Valerius Valens (Aurelius Valerius Valens)
Martinianus (Sextus Marcius Martinianus)
Constantinus II (Flavius Claudius Constantinus)
Constantius II (Flavius Julius Constantius)
Constans (Flavius Julius Constans)
Vetranio (Flavius Claudius Julianus)
Jovianus (Flavius Jovianus)
Valentinianus I (Valentinianus)
Valens
Gratianus
Valentinianus II
Theodosius I
Magnus Maximus
Victor (Flavius Victor)
Eugenius
Honorius
Constantinus III (Flavius Claudius Constantinus)
Constans II
Constantius III
Joannes
Valentinianus III (Placidus Valentinianus)
Petronius Maximus
Avitus (Eparchius Avitus)
Majorianus (Julius Valerius Maiorianus)
Libius Severus
Anthemius (Procopius Anthemius)
Olybrius (Anicius Olybrius)
Glycerius
Julius Nepos
Romulus Augustus
47. St. Simplicius (468-83) (number denotes succession from St. Peter the Apostle)
48. St. Felix III (II) (483-92)
49. St. Gelasius I (492-96)
50. Anastasius II (496-98)
51. St. Symmachus (498-514)
52. St. Hormisdas (514-23)
53. St. John I (523-26)
54. St. Felix IV (III) (526-30)
55. Boniface II (530-32)
56. John II (533-35)
57. St. Agapetus I (535-36)
58. St. Silverius (536-37)
59. Vigilius (537-55)
60. Pelagius I (556-61)
61. John III (561-74)
62. Benedict I (575-79)
63. Pelagius II (579-90)
64. St. Gregory I (the Great) (590-604)
65. Sabinian (604-606)
66. Boniface III (607)
67. St. Boniface IV (608-15)
68. St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I) (615-18)
69. Boniface V (619-25)
70. Honorius I (625-38)
71. Severinus (640)
72. John IV (640-42)
73. Theodore I (642-49)
74. St. Martin I (649-55)
75. St. Eugene I (655-57)
76. St. Vitalian (657-72)
77. Adeodatus (II) (672-76)
78. Donus (676-78)
79. St. Agatho (678-81)
80. St. Leo II (682-83)
81. St. Benedict II (684-85)
82. John V (685-86)
83. Conon (686-87)
84. St. Sergius I (687-701)
85. John VI (701-05)
86. John VII (705-07)
87. Sisinnius (708)
88. Constantine (708-15)
89. St. Gregory II (715-31)
90. St. Gregory III (731-41)
91. St. Zachary (741-52)
92. Stephen II (III) (752-57)
93. St. Paul I (757-67)
94. Stephen III (IV) (767-72)
95. Adrian I (772-95)
96. St. Leo III (795-816)
97. Stephen IV (V) (816-17)
98. St. Paschal I (817-24)
99. Eugene II (824-27)
100. Valentine (827)
101. Gregory IV (827-44)
102. Sergius II (844-47)
103. St. Leo IV (847-55)
104. Benedict III (855-58)
105. St. Nicholas I (the Great) (858-67)
106. Adrian II (867-72)
107. John VIII (872-82)
108. Marinus I (882-84)
109. St. Adrian III (884-85)
110. Stephen V (VI) (885-91)
111. Formosus (891-96)
112. Boniface VI (896)
113. Stephen VI (VII) (896-97)
114. Romanus (897)
115. Theodore II (897)
116. John IX (898-900)
117. Benedict IV (900-03)
118. Leo V (903)
119. Sergius III (904-11)
120. Anastasius III (911-13)
121. Lando (913-14)
122. John X (914-28)
123. Leo VI (928)
124. Stephen VIII (929-31)
125. John XI (931-35)
126. Leo VII (936-39)
127. Stephen IX (939-42)
128. Marinus II (942-46)
129. Agapetus II (946-55)
130. John XII (955-63)
131. Leo VIII (963-64)
132. Benedict V (964)
133. John XIII (965-72)
134. Benedict VI (973-74)
135. Benedict VII (974-83)
136. John XIV (983-84)
137. John XV (985-96)
138. Gregory V (996-99)
139. Sylvester II (999-1003)
140. John XVII (1003)
141. John XVIII (1003-09)
142. Sergius IV (1009-12)
143. Benedict VIII (1012-24)
144. John XIX (1024-32)
145. Benedict IX (1032-45)
146. Sylvester III (1045)
147. Benedict IX (1045)
148. Gregory VI (1045-46)
149. Clement II (1046-47)
150. Benedict IX (1047-48)
151. Damasus II (1048)
152. St. Leo IX (1049-54)
153. Victor II (1055-57)
154. Stephen X (1057-58)
155. Nicholas II (1058-61)
156. Alexander II (1061-73)
157. St. Gregory VII (1073-85)
158. Blessed Victor III (1086-87)
159. Blessed Urban II (1088-99)
160. Paschal II (1099-1118)
161. Gelasius II (1118-19)
162. Callistus II (1119-24)
163. Honorius II (1124-30)
164. Innocent II (1130-43)
165. Celestine II (1143-44)
166. Lucius II (1144-45)
167. Blessed Eugene III (1145-53)
168. Anastasius IV (1153-54)
169. Adrian IV (1154-59)
170. Alexander III (1159-81)
171. Lucius III (1181-85)
172. Urban III (1185-87)
173. Gregory VIII (1187)
174. Clement III (1187-91)
175. Celestine III (1191-98)
176. Innocent III (1198-1216)
177. Honorius III (1216-27)
178. Gregory IX (1227-41)
179. Celestine IV (1241)
180. Innocent IV (1243-54)
181. Alexander IV (1254-61)
182. Urban IV (1261-64)
183. Clement IV (1265-68)
184. Blessed Gregory X (1271-76)
185. Blessed Innocent V (1276)
186. Adrian V (1276)
187. John XXI (1276-77)
188. Nicholas III (1277-80)
189. Martin IV (1281-85)
190. Honorius IV (1285-87)
191. Nicholas IV (1288-92)
192. St. Celestine V (1294)
193. Boniface VIII (1294-1303)
194. Blessed Benedict XI (1303-04)
195. Clement V (1305-14)
196. John XXII (1316-34)
197. Benedict XII (1334-42)
198. Clement VI (1342-52)
199. Innocent VI (1352-62)
200. Blessed Urban V (1362-70)
201. Gregory XI (1370-78)
202. Urban VI (1378-89)
203. Boniface IX (1389-1404)
204. Innocent VII (1404-06)
205. Gregory XII (1406-15)
206. Martin V (1417-31)
207. Eugene IV (1431-47)
208. Nicholas V (1447-55)
209. Callistus III (1455-58)
210. Pius II (1458-64)
211. Paul II (1464-71)
212. Sixtus IV (1471-84)
213. Innocent VIII (1484-92)
214. Alexander VI (1492-1503)
215. Pius III (1503)
216. St. Julius II (1503-13)
217. St. Leo X (1513-21)
218. Adrian VI (1522-23)
219. Clement VII (1523-34)
220. Paul III (1534-49)
221. Julius III (1550-55)
222. Marcellus II (1555)
223. Paul IV (1555-59)
224. Pius IV (1559-65)
225. St. Pius V (1566-72)
226. Gregory XIII (1572-85)
227. Sixtus V (1585-90)
228. Urban VII (1590)
229. Gregory XIV (1590-91)
230. Innocent IX (1591)
231. Clement VIII (1592-1605)
232. Leo XI (1605)
233. Paul V (1605-21)
234. Gregory XV (1621-23)
235. Urban VIII (1623-44)
236. Innocent X (1644-55)
237. Alexander VII (1655-67)
238. Clement IX (1667-69)
239. Clement X (1670-76)
240. Blessed Innocent XI (1676-89)
241. Alexander VIII (1689-91)
242. Innocent XII (1691-1700)
243. Clement XI (1700-21)
244. Innocent XIII (1721-24)
245. Benedict XIII (1724-30)
246. Clement XII (1730-40)
247. Benedict XIV (1740-58)
248. Clement XIII (1758-69)
249. Clement XIV (1769-74)
250. Pius VI (1775-99)
251. Pius VII (1800-23)
252. Leo XII (1823-29)
253. Pius VIII (1829-30)
254. Gregory XVI (1831-46)
255. St. Pius IX (1846-78)
256. Leo XIII (1878-1903)
257. St. Pius X (1903-14)
258. Benedict XV (1914-22)
259. Pius XI (1922-39)
260. St. Pius XII (1939-58)
261. St. John XXIII (1958-63)
262. Paul VI (1963-78)
263. John Paul I (1978)
264. St. John Paul II (1978-2005) (renounced temporal claims of the Roman papacy other than the Vatican City-State)
265. Benedict XVI (2005-2013) (renounced the Patriarchal title)
266. Radislav (Rutherford) I of Rome-Ruthenia (2011-) (as temporal successor of St. Peter) (See more here.)

 Roman-Ruthenian Nobility Association

REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

Almanach of Saxe-Gotha. 2008.

Apostolic and Temporal Succession of Radislav I. Pontifical Georgian Press. 2024.

Bartlett, R. The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change 950-1350. Princeton University Press. 1993.

Chalandon, F. Histoire de la domination normande en Italie et en Sicile. A. Picard. 1907.

Deffenbaugh v. Röm-Frankfurt, Ed. Almanac of Würzburg. Pontifical Georgian Press. 2016-2024.

Dimnik, M.  The Dynasty of Chernigov, 1146–1246. Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. 2004.

Fennell, J. The Crisis of Medieval Russia, 1200-1304. Longman. 1983.

Franklin, S., Shepard, J. The Emergence of Rus 750-1200. Longman. 1996.

Gavaldá y Castro, Rubén and Arnaldo I. A. Miranda Tumbarello. Fons Honorum: compendio de Derecho Nobiliario Europeo y Americano. Instituto Heraldico de Buenos Aires. 2015.

Genealogy of the House of Johnson-Roma-Rus’. Pontifical Georgian Press. 2024.

Ghisalberti, A. M.  Alberico di Ivrea: Signore del Piemonte. Tipografia sociale. 1962.

Logan, D. F.  A History of the Church in the Middle Ages. Routledge. 1992.

Magocsi, P. R. A History of Ukraine. University of Toronto Press. 1996.

Martin, J. Medieval Russia, 980-1584. Cambridge University Press. 1995.

McKitterick, R. The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians, 751–987. Longman. 1983.

Ostrogorsky, G. History of the Byzantine State. Rutgers University Press. 1969.

Runciman, S. Byzantine Civilization. Cambridge University Press. 1933.

Setton, K. M. The Papacy and the Levant (1204-1571). American Philosophical Society. 1976.

Thomson, F. J. The Reception of Byzantine Culture in Mediaeval Russia. Variorum. 1999.